In the mammalian brain, synaptic transmission usually depends on presynaptic action potentials (APs) in an all-or-none (or digital) manner. Recent studies suggest, however, that subthreshold ...
Optogenetics refers to the expression of light-sensitive proteins in defined cell populations, allowing the use of light to manipulate cellular physiology. Optogenetic tools have opened up entirely ...
Hailed as one of the most important medical advances, the discovery of general anesthetics - compounds which induce unconsciousness, prevent control of movement and block pain - helped transform ...